Legals for August, 17 2023
DV-23-72 Dept. No: 2002 Montana 20th Judicial District Court, Lake County Notice of Hearing on Limited Emancipation of a Minor In the Matter of the Emancipation of: Navonntah L. Martin-Reum Petitioner Notice of Hearing was mailed to: Father: Jeramiah Ray Reum 102 Charlo Court #1 Missoula, MT Order Hearing Setting The hearing on the Petition for Limited Emancipation of a Minor filed in this case is set for: 8/31/2023 at 10:00 am CB McNeil Dist. Court Room in the Lake County Courthouse. *Note: If you do not attend the hearing, you may lose your right to be heard in this case. Failure to appear at the hearing could result in the court granting the limited emancipation. Dated 7/19/23 /S/ Lyn Fricker Clerk of District Court Published on July 27th, August 3rd, 10th & 17th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
Cause No.: DV-23-109 Dept. No.: 2002 Montana 20th Judicial District Court, Lake County. In the Matter of the Name Change of Kelcey Jeanne Sgrenci Kelcey Jeanne SgrencI, Petitioner Notice of Hearing on Name Change This is notice that Petitioner has asked the District Court for a change of name from Kelcey Jeanne Sgrenci To Kelcey Jeanne Crocker The hearing will be on 08/31/2023 at 10:00 AM. The hearing will be at the C.B. McNeil District Courtroom in the Lake County Courthouse. Date: 14th August 2023 /S/ Deborah Kim Christopher, District Judge Published on August 3rd, 10th, 17th, & 24th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
Notice of Woods Bay Water and Sewer District Quarterly Board Meeting The Woods Bay Water and Sewer District will be having its quarterly Board Meeting on Monday, September 18, 2023, at 11:00 a.m. at 108 Harbor Heights Blvd., Bigfork. The public is welcome to attend. Zoom participation available upon request. Special agenda item to be discussed is the de-annexation of property from the district: $19, T26N, R19W, C.O.S. 6924, Tract 1 (0.9 acres) and Tract 3 (1.98 acres). Published on August 10th & 17th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
Probate Cause No. 23-0040-P THE CONFEDERATED SALISH AND KOOTENAI TRIBAL COURT OF THE FLATHEAD RESERVATION, PABLO, MONTANA NOTICE TO CREDITORS IN RE THE MATTER OF THE ESTATE OF: JOHN EVANS Notice is hereby given that the undersigned, Jamie Fisher has been appointed Personal Representative of the above-named estate. All persons having claims against the said Deceased are required to present their claims within four (4) months after the date of the first publication of this notice or said claims will be forever barred. Claims must either be mailed to the Personal Representative, return receipt requested, or to the Clerk of Court of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribal Court, P.O. Box 278, Pablo, Montana 59855. DATED this 4 of April, 2023. /S/ Jamie Fisher, Personal Representative Address: Jamie Fisher 47223 Pache Ln Ronan, MT 59864 Published on August 3rd, 10th & 17th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
PUBLIC HEARING: The Board of Lake County Commissioners will hold a public hearing on the proposed resolution text listed below on August 24, 2023, at 10:00 am in the Commissioner Chambers located at 106 4th Avenue East, Polson, MT 59860, for the purpose of taking public comment on the proposed rate increase and boundary expansion of the Chief Cliff Fire Service Area. If you cannot attend the meeting, and would like to submit comment you may do so by mail to the address above or by email to lakecommissioners@lakemt.gov with Chief Cliff as the subject line. If you cannot attend in person but wish to attend virtually, please reach out at 406-883-7204 and we will accommodate virtual attendance. For more information or to view the new proposed boundaries, please contact the office above. RESOLUTION 23-25 – A Resolution of Intent to Establish New Chief Cliff Fire Service Area boundaries, and to establish new fees therefore. WHEREAS, the Board of County Commissioners of Lake County has received a petition pursuant to 7-33-2401, MCA, Montana Codes, to establish new boundaries and a revised fee schedule for the Chief Cliff Fire Service Area, hereinafter FSA; and, WHEREAS, the Board of County Commissioners is empowered to make such amendment pursuant to 7-3-2401(4), Montana Codes; and, WHEREAS, this Resolution of Intent shall be published pursuant to 7-1-2121, Montana Codes, and the Board shall then thereafter shall hold a public hearing no earlier than 30 or later than 90 days after passage of the resolution of intent; WHEREAS, Chief Cliff FSA has petitioned for the following fee schedule: Dwellings – any dwelling that is “liveable,” including but not limited to single-family residences, apartments, condo/townhomes, mobile homes (those attached to real property and those considered “personal property”), barndominiums - $150 for the tax year 2023 and $200 for the tax year 2024 and beyond Other Buildings and Improvements – including but not limited to barns, pole barns, sheds, detached garages, boat houses, utility buildings, equipment shed, and Quonset - $25 per structure Commercial Property – including but not limited to storage units, warehouses, restaurants/bar, motel/hotel, and mobile home parks - $150 per structure Undeveloped Land – no fee structure applicable to undeveloped line is being sought at this time. And, WHEREAS, Chief Cliff FSA has petitioned to expand its boundaries as follows: See Exhibit A attached hereto and by this reference made a part hereof as if fully set forth in this place. And, WHEREAS, at such public hearing, the Board shall accept written protests from property owners of the area of the proposed area; and shall receive general protests and comments relating to the establishment of the fire service area and its boundaries, rates, kinds, types, or levels of service, or any other matter relating to the proposed fire service area; and, based on testimony received in the public hearing, the Board in the later resolution creating the fire service area may establish different boundaries, establish a different fee schedule than proposed, change the kinds, types, or levels of service, or change the manner in which the area will provide services to its residents; and, NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: That notice shall be published pursuant to Section 7-1-2121, Montana Codes, of the public hearing on the within Resolution of Intent to be held on the 24th day of August 2023, at 10:00 am in the Commissioners Chambers located at the Lake County Courthouse, 106 4th Avenue East, Polson, MT 59860 Room 21, upon which hearing, based on testimony received in the public hearing, the Board of County Commissioners may, between 30 and 90 days from the date hereof, in the later resolution creating the fire service area establish different boundaries, establish a different fee schedule than proposed, change the kinds, types, or levels of service, or change the manner in which the area will provide services to its residents. PASSED AND ADOPTED THIS 25th DAY OF JULY 2023. BOARD OF LAKE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS /s/Gale Decker, Chairman /s/Steve Stanley, Member /s/William D. Barron, Member Attest: /s/Kendra Steele, Lake County Clerk & Recorder Published on August 3rd, 10th & 17th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
NOTICE OF BUDGET HEARING Polson Rural Fire District Board of Trustees will hold a FY 2023-2024 final budget public hearing on Wednesday, August 23rd, 2023 5:00pm at the Polson Station #1, 25B Regatta Rd, Polson. Draft copies will be available at the meeting. Any taxpayer or resident in the District may comment at the meeting for or against the budget. Published on August 17th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
NOTICE OF BUDGET HEARING The Board of Trustees of the North Lake County Public Library District will conduct a Preliminary FY2024 Budget Hearing on August 22, 2023 at 5:30 p.m. at the library’s temporary location of 301 16th Avenue East (United Methodist Church). Immediately following at the regular business meeting, the Trustees will take action for the purpose of adopting the final budget of the North Lake County Public Library District for fiscal year 2023-2024. This meeting of the trustees may be continued from day to day until final adoption of the District’s 2023-2024 budget. The preliminary budget is on file and is open to inspection in the office of the Library Director at 301 16th Avenue East, Polson, Montana. Please contact Director Abbi Dooley at 406-883-8225 for additional information. Any taxpayer or resident may appear at the hearing and be heard for or against any part of the proposed budget. Published on August 10th & 17th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
PUBLIC NOTICE The Lake County Commissioners will hold a public hearing with the Lake County Compensation Board on Monday August 28, 2023, at 3:00 pm in the Commissioners Chambers located at 106 4 th Avenue East, Polson, MT 59860, to review salaries paid to elected officials. Please contact the Commissioners office if you have any questions about this meeting 406-883-7204 Published on August 10th & 17th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
Case No: DR-23-51 Bryce Jordan Wier 31988 Lost Creek LN Ronan MT 59864 1-406-270-5443 Petitioner appearing without a lawyer MONTANA 20th Judicial Court, Lake County In re the Marriage of: Bryce Jordan Wier Petitioner, and Joshua Ray Conture Respondent NOTICE TO: Respondent Joshua Ray Couture. Summons for Publication You are named in a petition to dissolve your marriage and to get a final parenting plan for your children. Unless you respond in 21 days, the court may decide against you without you being heard and give Petitioner everything asked for in the petition. You must submit your written response within 21 calendar days. The 21 day period starts the day after the last date of publication of this notice. If the final day falls on a weekend or court holiday, you may file your response on the next business day. You must file your written response with the Clerk of District Court 101 5th Ave E, Polson MT, 59860 and serve a copy of your answer on the Petitioner. Dated this 2 of August, 2023 By: Mary Rensvold, Deputy Clerk of Court Published on August 10th, 17th & 24th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
PUBLIC OPPORTUNITY TO PROTEST CORPORATE STRUCTURE CHANGE OF MONTANA ALL-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES LICENSE 2ND CHANCE SALOON LTD (Rodney Smart, Jannel L Smart and Kayleen Smart, Owner(s)) has applied to do a Corporate Structure Change of Montana All-Alcoholic Beverages License No. 15-864-3825-001 to be operated at SECOND CHANCE SALOON LTD, 125 Main St Sw, Ronan, Lake County. The public may protest this license transfer in accordance with the law. Who can protest this transfer? Protests will be accepted from residents of the county of the proposed location Lake County, residents of adjoining Montana counties, and residents of adjoining counties in another state if the criteria in 16-4-207(4)(d), Montana Code Annotated (MCA), are met. What information must be included? Protest letters must be legible and contain (1) the protestor’s full name, mailing address, and street address; (2) the license number 15-864-3825-001 and the applicant’s name 2ND CHANCE SALOON LTD; (3) an indication that the letter is intended as a protest; (4) a description of the grounds for protesting; and (5) the protestor’s signature. A letter with multiple signatures will be considered one protest letter. What are valid protest grounds? The protest may be based on the applicant’s qualifications listed in 16-4-401, MCA, or the grounds for denial of an application in 16-4-405, MCA. Examples of valid protest grounds include: (1) the applicant is unlikely to operate the establishment in compliance with the law; (2) the proposed location cannot be properly policed by local authorities; and (3) the welfare of the people in the vicinity of the proposed location will be adversely and seriously affected. How are protests submitted? Protests must be postmarked to the Department of Revenue, Office of Dispute Resolution, P.O. Box 5805, Helena, Montana 59604-5805 on or before August 27, 2023. What happens if the transfer is protested? Depending on the number of protests and the protest grounds, a public hearing will be held in Helena or Ronan. All valid protestors will be notified of the hearing’s time, date and location. Hearings typically are scheduled within 90 days. A protester’s hearing testimony is limited to the grounds in the protester’s letter. Following the hearing, the Department of Revenue will notify the public whether the license transfer is approved or denied. How can additional information be obtained? The cited MCA statutes are online at leg.mt.gov/bills/mca_toc/. Questions may be directed to Lisa Patzer, Compliance Specialist for the Department of Revenue’s Alcoholic Beverage Control Division, at 444-4332 or LPatzer@mt.gov. Published on August 10th & 17th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
NOTICE OF TRUSTEE’S SALE To be sold for cash at a Trustee’s Sale on December 4, 2023, at 11:00 AM on the front steps at the Lake County Courthouse located at 106 4th Avenue East, Polson, MT 59860, the following described real property situated in Lake County, State of Montana: Lot 11 in Block 10 of the Lewis’ Addition to the City of Polson, Lake County, Montana, according to the map or plat thereof on file in the office of the Clerk and Recorder of Lake County, Montana. More commonly known as 304 10th Ave West, Polson, MT 59860. Philista M. St. John and Corbett K. Vaska, as Grantors, conveyed said real property to First American Title Co., as Trustee, to secure an obligation owed to Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems, Inc., as designated nominee for Eagle Bank, Beneficiary of the security instrument, its successors and assigns, by Deed of Trust on November 15, 2016, and filed for record in the records of the County Clerk and Recorder in Lake County, State of Montana, on November 21, 2016 as Instrument No. 551855, of Official Records. The Deed of Trust was assigned for value as follows: Assignee: Mid America Mortgage, Inc. Assignment Dated: June 20, 2022 Assignment Recorded: June 27, 2022 Assignment Recording Information: as Instrument No. 598993 All in the records of the County Clerk and Recorder for Lake County, Montana Jason J. Henderson is the Successor Trustee pursuant to a Substitution of Trustee recorded in the office of the Clerk and Recorder of Lake County, State of Montana, on July 7, 2022 as Instrument No. 599286, of Official Records. The Beneficiary has declared a default in the terms of said Deed of Trust due to the Grantor(s) failure to make monthly payments beginning December 1, 2021, and each month subsequent, which monthly installments would have been applied on the principal and interest due on said obligation and other charges against the property or loan. By reason of said default, the Beneficiary has declared all sums owing on the obligation secured by said Trust Deed immediately due and payable. The total amount due on this obligation is the principal sum of $90,522.50, interest in the sum of $2,161.49, other amounts due and payable in the amount of $833.18 for a total amount owing of $93,517.17, plus accruing interest, late charges, and other fees and costs that may be incurred or advanced. The Beneficiary anticipates and may disburse such amounts as may be required to preserve and protect the property and for real property taxes that may become due or delinquent, unless such amounts of taxes are paid by the Grantor. If such amounts are paid by the Beneficiary, the amounts or taxes will be added to the obligations secured by the Deed of Trust. Other expenses to be charged against the proceeds of this sale include the Trustee’s fees and attorney’s fees, costs and expenses of the sale, and late charges, if any. Beneficiary has elected, and has directed the Trustee to sell the above described property to satisfy the obligation. The sale is a public sale and any person, including the Beneficiary, excepting only the Trustee, may bid at the sale. The bid price must be paid immediately upon the close of bidding in cash or cash equivalents (valid money orders, certified checks or cashier’s checks). The conveyance will be made by Trustee’s Deed, without any representation or warranty, including warranty of title, express or implied, as the sale is made strictly on an as-is, where-is basis, without limitation, the sale is being made subject to all existing conditions, if any, of lead paint, mold or other environmental or health hazards. The sale purchaser shall be entitled to possession of the property on the 10th day following the sale. The Grantor, successor in interest to the Grantor, or any other person having an interest in the property, has the right, at any time prior to the Trustee’s Sale, to pay to the Beneficiary, or the successor in interest to the Beneficiary, the entire amount then due under the Deed of Trust and the obligation secured thereby (including costs and expenses actually incurred and attorney’s fees) other than such portion of the principal as would not then be due had no default occurred and by curing any other default complained of herein that is capable of being cured by tendering the performance required under the obligation or to cure the default, by paying all costs and expenses actually incurred in enforcing the obligation and Deed of Trust with Successor Trustee’s and attorney’s fees. In the event that all defaults are cured the foreclosure will be dismissed and the foreclosure sale will be canceled. The scheduled Trustee’s Sale may be postponed by public proclamation up to 15 days for any reason. In the event of a bankruptcy filing, the sale may be postponed by the Trustee for up to 120 days by public proclamation at least every 30 days. If the Trustee is unable to convey title for any reason, the successful bidder’s sole and exclusive remedy shall be the return of monies paid to the Successor Trustee and the successful bidder shall have no further recourse. This is an attempt to collect a debt and any information obtained will be used for that purpose. Dated this 21st day of July, 2023. Jason J. Henderson Substitute Trustee 38 2nd Avenue East, Dickinson, ND 58601 Telephone: 801-355-2886 Office Hours: Mon.-Fri., 8AM-5PM (MST) File No. MT11538 Published on August 10th, 17th & 24th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
PROBATE NO. DP-23- 50 CLINTON J. FISCHER LAW OFFICE, P.C. Valley Bank Building P.O. Box 879 Polson, MT 59860 Telephone: (406) 883-4395 Attorney for Personal Representative MONTANA TWENTIETH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT, LAKE COUNTY IN RE THE ESTATE OF LEONARD G. RIDNOUR, Decedent. NOTICE TO CREDITORS NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the undersigned has been appointed Personal Representative of the above-named estate. All persons having claims against the said deceased are required to present their claims within four months after the date of the first publication of this notice or said claims will be forever barred. A written statement of the claim indicating the name and address of the claimant, the basis of the claim and the amount claimed may be filed with the Clerk of the District Court, Lake County, Montana, or mailed, return receipt requested, to the Personal Representative at the following address: Kenneth W. Ridnour c/o Clinton J. Fischer Law Office, P.C. P.O. Box 879 Polson, MT 59860 DATED this 2nd day of August, 2023. Kenneth W. Ridnour, Personal Representative PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE’S ATTORNEY: Clinton J. Fischer CLINTON J. FISCHER LAW OFFICE, P.C. Valley Bank Building P. O. Box 879 Polson, Montana 59860 Published on August 10th, 17th & 24th, 2023 MNAXLP __________________________
Cause No. 23-0131-A IN THE TRIBAL COURT OF THE CONFEDERATED SALISH AND KOOTENAI TRIBES OF THE FLATHEAD RESERVATION, PABLO, MONTANA IN RE THE ADOPTION OF: C.J.F.T Minor Children, BESSIE WALLIN, Petitioner(s)/Plaintiff(s) and KYRA CARPENTIER Respondent(s)/Defendant(s) SUMMONS THE CONFEDERATED SALISH & KOOTENAI TRIBES SEND GREETINGS TO THE ABOVE-NAMED RESPONDENT: YOU ARE HEREBY SUMMONED to respond to the Petition in this action which is filed in the office of the Clerk of Tribal Court, A COPY OF THE PETITION/COMPLAINT IS ATTACHED TO THIS SUMMONS AND IS HEREBY SERVED UPON YOU. 1. Under CSKT Law you have fifteen (15) working days (excluding weekends and Tribal holidays) from the date of service of this Summons and Petition/Complaint in which to file you written Response to the Petition with the Tribal Court. 2. You may consider going to an attorney who may assist you in preparing your written answer and in deciding what to do. You may be required to pay a filing fee with your Response/Answer. A Response/Answer form can be found at http://csktcourt.org by clicking on the “FORMS & FILINGS” tab. 3. If you disagree with anything in the Petition/Complaint and want the Court to hear your side of the case, you must write your Response/Answer and file it with the Tribal Court within the time described in Paragraph 1 above. 4. If you do not file an answer within the time allowed, your failure to file a Response/Answer may result in a Default Judgment against you granting the relief requested in the Petition. ISSUED this 30th day of May, 2023. By: Mona Haynes, Clerk of Tribal Court Cause No. 23-0131-A IN THE TRIBAL COURT OF THE CONFEDERATED SALISH AND KOOTENAI TRIBES OF THE FLATHEAD RESERVATION, PABLO, MONTANA IN RE THE ADOPTION OF: C.J.F.T Minor Children, BESSIE WALLIN, Petitioner(s)/Plaintiff(s) and EDWARD TRUMAN, Respondent(s)/Defendant(s) SUMMONS THE CONFEDERATED SALISH & KOOTENAI TRIBES SEND GREETINGS TO THE ABOVE-NAMED RESPONDENT: YOU ARE HEREBY SUMMONED to respond to the Petition in this action which is filed in the office of the Clerk of Tribal Court, A COPY OF THE PETITION/COMPLAINT IS ATTACHED TO THIS SUMMONS AND IS HEREBY SERVED UPON YOU. 1. Under CSKT Law you have fifteen (15) working days (excluding weekends and Tribal holidays) from the date of service of this Summons and Petition/Complaint in which to file you written Response to the Petition with the Tribal Court. 2. You may consider going to an attorney who may assist you in preparing your written answer and in deciding what to do. You may be required to pay a filing fee with your Response/Answer. A Response/Answer form can be found at http://csktcourt.org by clicking on the “FORMS & FILINGS” tab. 3. If you disagree with anything in the Petition/Complaint and want the Court to hear your side of the case, you must write your Response/Answer and file it with the Tribal Court within the time described in Paragraph 1 above. 4. If you do not file an answer within the time allowed, your failure to file a Response/Answer may result in a Default Judgment against you granting the relief requested in the Petition. ISSUED this 30th day of May, 2023. By: Mona Haynes, Clerk of Tribal Court Published on August 10th, 17th & 24th, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
PROBATE NO. DP-23-53 CLINTON J. FISCHER LAW OFFICE, P.C. P.O. Box 879 Polson, MT 59860 Telephone: (406) 883-4395 Attorney for Personal Representative MONTANA TWENTIETH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT, LAKE COUNTY IN RE THE ESTATE OF BARBARA J. HUBER, Decedent. NOTICE TO CREDITORS NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the undersigned has been appointed Personal Representative of the above-named estate. All persons having claims against the said deceased are required to present their claims within four months after the date of the first publication of this notice or said claims will be forever barred. A written statement of the claim indicating the name and address of the claimant, the basis of the claim and the amount claimed may be filed with the Clerk of the District Court, Lake County, Montana, or mailed, return receipt requested, to the Personal Representative at the following address: Marshall O. Huber c/o Clinton J. Fischer Law Office, P.C. P.O. Box 879 Polson, MT 59860 DATED this 7th day of August, 2023. Marshall O. Huber, Personal Representative PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE’S ATTORNEY: Clinton J. Fischer CLINTON J. FISCHER LAW OFFICE, P.C. P. O. Box 879 Polson, Montana 59860 Published on August 17th, 24th & 31st, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
NOTICE OF FINAL BUDGET MEETING Valley View School district 35 Notice of Final Budget Meeting The Board of Trustees of Valley View School District #35 will meet at the Regular Board Meeting on Wednesday August 16, 2023, at 5:30 p.m. at the Valley View School for the purpose of considering and adopting the final budget of the Elementary School District for 2023-2024. The meeting of the Trustees may be continued from day to day until the final adoption of the district’s 2023-2024 budget. Any Taxpayer in the district may appear at the meeting to be heard for or against any part of the budget. (MCA-20-9-115) Published August 17th, 2023 MNAXLP __________________________
LAKE COUNTY, MONTANA NOTICE OF BUDGET HEARING THE BOARD OF LAKE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS HAS COMPLETED ITS PRELIMINARY BUDGET FOR THE CURRENT FISCAL YEAR 2023-2024. The budget has been placed on file and is open to inspection in the office of the Lake County Clerk and Recorder/Finance Department September 5th, 6th and 7th, 2023. Any taxpayer or resident of Lake County may appear and be heard for or against any part of the proposed budget. The Board of Lake County Commissioners will meet on the 7th day of September 2023 at 4:00 p.m. in the Commissioner’s office to approve the final budget and make appropriations. Tara Barry Lake County Finance Department 106 4th Ave E Polson MT 59860 406-883-7327 Published on August 17th, 24th, & 31st, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________
Cause No. 23-52 Dept. No. 2002 Dwight J. Schulte Graham W. Cobb SCHULTE LAW FIRM, P.C. 2425 Mullan Road Missoula, MT 59808 (406) 721-6655 Email: dwight@jschultelaw.com graham@jschultelaw.com Attorneys for Personal Representative MONTANA TWENTIETH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT, LAKE COUNTY IN RE THE ESTATE OF PETER ASHLEY PHILIPS, Deceased. NOTICE TO CREDITORS NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that Jan Michael Philips has been appointed Personal Representative of the above-named estate. All persons having claims against the said deceased are required to present their claims within four (4) months after the date of the first publication of this notice or said claims will be forever barred. Claims must either be mailed to Jan Michael Philips, Personal Representative, return receipt requested, c/o Dwight J. Schulte, SCHULTE LAW FIRM P.C., 2425 Mullan Road, Missoula, Montana 59808, or filed with the Clerk of the above entitled Court. DATED this 29th day of June, 2023 /S/ Dwight J. Schulte Attorney for Personal Representative Published on August 17th, 24th & 31st, 2023. MNAXLP __________________________